In the novel The Adventures In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn written by Mark Twain, Jim is one of the main characters in the novel and a very important figure throughout the story. Diction refers to the choice of words and the appropriateness of that choice. Research; The Adventures of Huckelberry Finn: The Deliberate Writing Style; The Adventures of Huckelberry Finn: The Deliberate Writing Style. Applicable experts are found by the pattern-matcher by searching and matching in the database of experts. 1) Huckleberry Finn and America (Chicago Tribune, January 17, 2002) My e-book, The Ultimate Guide to Writing a Dissertation in Business Studies: a step by step assistance offers practical assistance to complete a dissertation with minimum or no stress. This question refers to a research problem surviving the relevancy test [the quality of a measurement procedure that provides repeatability and accuracy]. These ordered facts are the initial islands in the planning process. He is very ignorant and is He has piloted more than 30 million dollars in research grants, has published over 350 articles, 300 conference papers, twelve books and supervised close to 200 thesis students. I should never treat information that I have introduced the same way that I treat assumed facts. Then you use this reduced knowledge to see what in your text is unclear because it requires the knowledge you have that your reader may not have. Thus, three new sentences are proposed, one for each initialization: The names, L, M, and R, are used because there is no requirement to describe fully the markers, because they have already been introduced. In behavioral programs the point is to produce a program that behaves in certain ways in response to various stimuli. The matching process is soft or hybrid, which I define to mean that matches result in pairings of attributes, bindings of variables, and a numeric measure of the strength or closeness of the match. Beginning a sentence with an infinite-verb phrase is often a mistake; either the reader can have trouble understanding the time relationships between the elements of the sentence or else he may have difficulty understanding the logic of the statement. The array expert's overall strategy is to introduce the array as a topic of discussion and to follow~up that introduction with facts about its features. The interconnections in the writer's mind between facts must be such that connections that the reader will see are apparent to the writer. Cherry Picking: Writing Cherry Picking is a style of data analysis used when a researcher has inadequate data. If my decisions about what is shared information are bad enough, then you - the reader - will find that my writing is difficult to read; you will try to find the correct reading of the text that makes it all clear. In a traditional programming language we can define addition as an operation performed on two numbers. To facilitate how you might select a problem from which to build a research study, consider these sources of inspiration: Deductions from Theory For every two descriptions there may be several pairings of GOALS entries. Brown, Perry J., Allen Dyer, and Ross S. Whaley. We use our judgment to improve the clarity of our writing. If this would result in an overly complex noun phrase, this alternative would be rejected. The transformation, however, does not eliminate the extra words per se, but simply hides the words from the sentence printer, leaving the original wording available in case it is needed later: Perhaps a transformation will wish to recover that wording. At first, Twains novel was labeled crass by some readers. The appositive route is abandoned both because double appositives are not pleasing and because an appositive was just used, which resulted in a negative preference being attached to that technique. While there are many themes expressed in the The expert description as well as the situation description are expressed in this language. etc. This dialogue would be an exchange of information about strategies, techniques, and knowledge as well as an exchange of information about what each specialist knows, why it might be important, and why some non-obvious course of action might be appropriate. If. If the annotations are examined in left-to-right order, a good idea of the structure and wording of the passage can be gained. Sentence (5) has the same verb phrase as sentence (3'), but sentence (3') is fairly complex already, so Yh choses to simply bring them closer together with a punctuation change. If I refer to something that you don't know or to something that you could find out with some difficulty as if it were something you knew, then my directions would be bad. The person needs to practice in a well-defined field; And they need a teacher who can tailor their practice activities. Earlier this year we learned from Thomas C. Foster what exactly a Christ Figure is in a piece of literature. They provide a slideshow, sample documents, and a book about the style. Nevertheless, there are programs that can write. These modifiers include the determiner, adjectives, relative clauses, and post-noun modifiers such as prepositional phrases. In the world there are objects, and there are qualities of those objects, which may be necessary qualities or accidental ones. For one thing, if I treat the information I have introduced exactly as the information I assume the reader has known for a while, then the reader may believe that I am talking over his head by falsely assuming his knowledge is greater than it actually is; and maybe the reader skimmed the presentation of the new material and doesn't realize that the later, confusing reference to it is a reference to new and not old information. Society forms To be sure, writing algorithms is not simple, but it is quite different from what I call behavioral programming. The most common errors that a writer makes are errors of the basic skills of writing. This behavior is a product of the mechanisms in the pattern matcher. When the text is complete, the experts that were triggered by interesting events - such as the same verb phrase appearing in several places - are allowed to modify the text. If you are not sure if something is researchable, don't assume that it isn't if you don't find information right away--seek help from a librarian! things things. First, it might be possible to collapse sentence (2) with some or all of sentences (3), (4), and (5) - L, M, and R are common noun phrases. In the beginning of the novel, shortly after Huck goes missing, Jim too runs away because he overheard Miss Watson speaking of how she is going to sell him. The main problems people have with diction are deciding on the proper tone for their writing task and in then sticking consistently to that tone. More formally, suppose we have two descriptions, P and D, and suppose that the GOALS part of the description of P is: where each pi is a sentence in the first-order logic and each si is an integer. APA style uses the following specific characteristics: One hallmark of APA style is its reduction of biased words in a text. Writing@CSU. The Writing Lab and The OWL. To write with good taste, and, hence, effectively, requires the writer to write in new and interesting ways, to be sensitive to the sore spots that his reader might have, and to judge what is important and useful for his readers. Grangerfords and the Shepardsons. Object-oriented programming addresses some of the needs of the system I have outlined. In fact, Ernest Hemingway described its importance with the following sentence: All modern American literature comes from a book by Mark Twain called Huckleberry Finn. Good writing is a courtesy that is expected by the reader, and if a reader puts my paper away because he cannot handle the writing, I have failed my duty to that reader. The intelligence emerges from the program code as it is running. If I expect you to understand my non-fiction writing without problems, I must do two things: I must anticipate what you know about the topic of discussion, and I must anticipate the problems you will have comprehending how my sentences and paragraphs are constructed. But because in sentence (2) L, M, and R are used as direct objects and in sentences (3), (4), and (5) they are used as subjects, the only way to accomplish such a collapsing would be by making further relative clauses to the direct objects, which would result in a sentence like: This would be a very complex sentence; this option is rejected on the grounds of complexity. Let me be a little more specific. In this way, the current part of the plan can influence the later parts. Later on, Huck finds out, but does not tell Jim, that the town accuses Jim of Hucks murder due to the suspicion of him running away shortly after the disappearance. In the representation above this fact is not mentioned outright, but is hidden in the program code. Beware of circular reasoning! With such a fallback position, we can add new data types to an object-oriented system more easily than to a traditional system. mischievous boy who is a bad influence to This may result in a noun-phrase generator choosing to say 'the array' rather than some other descriptive phrase. That is, the agenda contains items that have priorities attached to them. The Writing Center. Finer-grained planning then fleshes out this plan as best it can. The e-book covers all stages of writing a dissertation starting from the selection to the research area to submitting the completed version of the work within the deadline. In a continuous piece of writing there are no gaps or jumps from one topic to another. In the case of ambiguous references (Case 2 above) Yh posts a request to find distinguishing descriptors. While this is happening, further observations are made. Writing this sentence is fairly straightforward: Yh adds the next sentence: The array marker expert then decides to add the names to the right of this sentence as an ordered appositive, which will have a list of names and a parallel list of descriptions attached to the end. 'High diction' refers to high-brow, intellectual, or even snobbish writing. This forgetfulness is reasoned: You carefully reason about what you know that is not common knowledge. The writer has an obligation to the reader: The reader chooses to read the piece. Now Jim is a very caring and sincere character, but we need more evidence than that to prove that he is a Christ figure. question. In this example, the problem does not reveal the relevance of why you are investigating the fact there is no hospital in the community [e.g., there's a hospital in the community ten miles away]; it does not elucidate the significance of why one should study the fact there is no hospital in the community [e.g., that hospital in the community ten miles away has no emergency room]; the research problem does not offer an intellectual pathway towards adding new knowledge or clarifying prior knowledge [e.g., the county in which there is no hospital already conducted a study ten years ago about the need for a hospital]; and, the problem does not offer meaningful outcomes that lead to recommendations that can be generalized for other situations or that could suggest areas for further research [e.g., the challenges of building a new hospital serves as a case study for other communities]. During this pairing process, the entries labelled GOALS are the only ones considered. In short, there can be some common context and shared information about my explanation. Another form of legal writing is persuasive, and advocates in favor of a legal position. These suggestions are simply entries in a database of such entries. Perhaps the writer intends to focus the reader's attention on the injury, but the natural tendency of the reader is to imagine this action, agent and all. Many people see Huckleberry Finn as a Yh does not do explicit reasoning about shared information, nor does it reason about the implications of facts introduced in the text it writes. The writer's obligation is to make the reader's task easy enough that the reader will want to read the entire piece. In order to locate the first type of reference, the annotations for all previous noun phrases are searched to find references to the same object. If [(pi,si),(dj,tj)] belongs to Pairing and [(pi,si),(dk,tk)] belongs to Pairing, then j=k. This interpreter assumes that the expert would do exactly what its description claims it would. A research problem is a statement about an area of concern, a condition to be improved, a difficulty to be eliminated, or a troubling question that exists in scholarly literature, in theory, or in practice that points to the need for meaningful understanding and deliberate investigation. We start with an initial situation and a goal situation. There are two major intentions behind this style of description: inexact matching and influencing a match. In addition, the topic has a great interest because the novel has always been a subject of controversy due to racial issues and the alleged praise of juvenile delinquency that it portrays. When there is no other choice but a complex alternative, of course the complex alternative must be chosen. Because these array markers are similar, it might be a good idea to talk about them similarly; perhaps the sentences can collapse to form one smooth, parallel sentence. The situation descriptions used in finding the experts that generate each sentence and phrase are among the primary factors that determine wording and sentence structure. (Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1994), pp. When the initial plan was made, no attention was paid to the details of the array, and now that the array expert has examined the array, it is about to add a number of new goals to be achieved at this planning island. In a documentary, the commentator says some- In the object-oriented system we need to create a new type of object - the new type of number - and to provide information about how to add other sorts of numbers to it. The simple declarative sentence expert generates the sentence left-to-right by generating the noun phrase for the subject, then the verb phrase, and finally the noun phrase for the direct object. In order to write any of these sentences, the array expert will invoke the simple declarative sentence expert using call by description. Discussions with experts in the field, such as, teachers, social workers, health care providers, lawyers, business leaders, etc., offers the chance to identify practical, real world problems that may be understudied or ignored within academic circles. I says: Hello, Jim! and skipped out. (Twain 40) Purdue University; Procter, Margaret. A problem is given within this domain, and it must be solved by manipulating objects using the operations available. Certainly there is no mechanism for Yh to experience those images itself. This quote, Point of View: It didnt take me long to make up my mind that these liars warnt no kings nor dukes, at all, but just low-down humbugs and frauds. (Twain 115) Running 10 100m sprints under 12 seconds each. This error is at the border of the language errors and the pragmatic errors, but it shares the theme of all of these errors: The reader must abandon his dream and concentrate on the writing. When any event takes place, the expert causing the event to occur formulates a description of the event and does a call by description on that description. seen when one looks at Huck Finn, Jim the To understand what people know you must be able to forget things you know. But luck can run out, and in the situation of collapsing these parallel phrases, there is none left. As the generation proceeds, other parts of the program observe the generation process, and, because these parts of the program are able to make connections between distant parts of the text, they are able to criticize the result. PRECONDITIONS: These are the pre-conditions the expert expects to be true when it is invoked. Twain tries here to tell the reader how strong the "mob" StudyMode - Premium and Free Essays, Term Papers & Book Notes, Report Intellectual Child Development for Children Age 9 to 11 Early Adolescence, Innocent: the Bahamas and Gold Tiny Ornaments. Who is it? Its Tom Sawyer! (Twain 203) Because of this, the performance of the pattern matcher is potentially quite bad. As the style referred by academic and research industries, APA papers must present themselves in as neutral a language as possible. Many of the operations, however, can be formulated in such a way that a parallel processor could greatly increase the performance of the matcher. The description that best matches the task description corresponds to the expert that Yh will invoke. The first thing considered is the length; because there are a number of ways to talk about the length of an array, the decisions about how to mention the length may interact with some of the other information to discuss. discuss the initialization of the array markers. A research problem is a definite or clear expression [statement] about an area of concern, a condition to be improved upon, a difficulty to be eliminated, or a troubling question that exists in scholarly literature, in theory, or within existing practice that points to a need for meaningful understanding and deliberate investigation. Who do you reckon t is? I haint no idea. These two aspects form the ends of a spectrum of concerns that a writer who cares about good writing must consider each time he writes. The functions come next with the main function, DNF, first and the macros after that. Developing Research Questions: A Guide for Social Scientists. "On the riverHuck and Jim witness life and death, tragedy and comedy, strife and peace" (The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn). Using Thesis Statements. If there are no other noun phrases referring to the same thing, then the is used. Recall that an influence is a descriptor which is used to bias the pattern matcher towards choosing an expert that has a description with that descriptor in it; if a negative influence is used, then the pattern matcher will be biased towards choosing an expert that has a description with the negation of that descriptor in it. The best writing practice is deliberate The planner tries to find a sequence of experts that will transform the initial situation into the goal situation. Although Huck lacks any substantial education, his moral values and judgment are highly developed. Ericsson published his own book called Peak, which expressed those concerns.. This description is in a description language which can express features and attributes, as well as their relative importances. Either approach is appropriate. As an example from writing, suppose the initial situation is a certain state of the text and the goal state is to explain a simple additional fact. One way to do this is to put time between you, the writer, and you, the later reader. Research on expert performance shows that experts increase the amount of deliberate practice they engage in over time. For example, if you propose the following, "The problem in this community is that there is no hospital," this only leads to a research problem where: This is an example of a research problem that fails the "So What?" The facts discovered about this array by the array expert are: 1) it represents an object to the user; 2) each of its elements is one of R, B, and W, which represent the colors of the flag; 3) three array markers are used to point to places in the array, and these markers are moved; and 4) there are no other arrays defined in the program. Research may be conducted to: 1) fill such gaps in knowledge; 2) evaluate if the methodologies employed in prior studies can be adapted to solve other problems; or, 3) determine if a similar study could be conducted in a different subject area or applied in a different context or to different study sample [i.e., different setting or different group of people].Also, authors frequently conclude their studies by noting implications for further research; read the conclusion of pertinent studies because statements about further research can be a valuable source for identifying new problems to investigate. Researchers in artificial intelligence have been theorizing for many years about the mechanisms necessary for intelligent behavior in restricted domains, especially domains that are the realm of specialists and not laymen. Other tactics such as increasing the distance between the two references might be tried also. In this case, the reader will have to adjust to the newer image once he discovers the discrepancy, if he ever discovers it. Society refuses to accept Huck as he is The array marker expert checks to see whether the array marker in question has already been discussed, which would have been posted as an influence. The Reading/Writing Center. Conveyance of the study's importance, benefits, and justification [i.e., regardless of the type of research, it is important to demonstrate that the research is not trivial]. This technique is used when a child actively participates in order to learn. Competing Paradigms in Qualitative Research. In Handbook of Qualitative Research. The second intention was formulated after observing that there may be very many experts whose descriptions match a given situation description and which could be used to take some useful actions. In the novel, The Research problems in the social and behavioral sciences are often analyzed around critical questions that must be investigated. Finding a recipe, making that dish, and continue making that dish in the future. There are two considerations to be made when a noun phrase is being generated: 1) whether the noun phrase is being generated to refer to an object already referred to in the text written so far; 2) whether the noun phrase is being generated in such a way that the noun phrase itself is similar to one already used in the text to refer to an object not equal to the object being referred to now. A writer and an unseen reader A question that every Journal deliberate writing style research needs to Answer. blue, it be! 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