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U.S. Department of Education Comprehensive Center Programs. Student and faculty attitudes toward a program for teenage parents and their children. Prepped for success? These papers address topics on current education issues related to the requirements and implementation of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001. October 2005 through September 2012. The Teacher Education Assistance for College and Higher Education (TEACH) program gives grants to mothers and other students who plan to study toward a teaching certification. (2001, August). However, having access to appropriate resources can reduce this 2-year education penalty (Melhado, 2007). Permission may be requested by submitting an copyright request form online at www.sedl.org/about/copyright_request.html. Retrieved from http://www.springerlink.com/content/1291013432v1017n/, Brownson, K. (2009). This scholarship allows mothers to study for a degree in a high-demand medical profession, such as nursing, dentistry or physician assistant. Studies often found that new teenage parents experienced a change in attitude and focus toward school. This invisibility of teenage parents often produces negative results: inappropriate interventions to address their unique developmental needs, lack of advocacy for teenage parents, and insensitivity on the part of the educational system to help parenting teens balance their education and their responsibilities as parents (Center for Assessment and Policy Development, 1999). Even when pre-pregnancy attitudes were not positive toward school, graduation, further education, and employment opportunities, post-pregnancy focus was often improved and combined with a new commitment to improve. Teenage pregnancy can lead to depression, poor school performance and emotional instability. The FSEOG provides aid to undergraduate students who demonstrate exceptional financial need. Grant recipients must study in a program that leads to an associate's or bachelor’s degree or certificate. 0000003857 00000 n
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Journal of School Health, 71(2), 4752. Pregnant and parenting adolescents perception of sources and supports in relation to educational goals. This briefing paper on teenage parents includes the following limitations: Inclusion of programs or processes within this paper does not in any way imply endorsement by SEDL. <<09F90849F671AF499C883F83088EC871>]>>
In their study, a 100% success rate was achieved for high school graduation or continuation. Voices of teen mothers: Their challenges, support systems, and successes. It was reported that teen parents often experienced a lack of resources and supportboth at home and at schoolprior to the pregnancy and, even more so, afterward. research indicated that young teenage mothers need support at school, as well as at home, while working to acquire their high school education. Copyright 2019 American Institutes for Research. Chicago, IL: Center for Impact Research. The Texas Comprehensive Center was housed at SEDL. Her areas of expertise are in education, child development, travel, pets, nutrition and health for Demand Studios and a major travel website. Chapter 2 Program Requirements . Research supports that teenage parents experience reductions in their educational attainments compared to teenagers who are not parents. Laurie Rappeport is a writer and blogger with more than 10 years of experience. When teenage parents do not receive the support and resources they need, a variety of detrimental consequences can result. Robin Jarvis, TXCC Program Director Although research shows that pregnancy is the leading factor limiting a teenage mothers educational attainment, Zachry (2005) noted that other studies have suggested that these students reasons for leaving school have more to do with school policies and previous school experiences than with being pregnant. For economic reasons alone, it pays to stay in school and graduate. However, strategies have been reported that can help close this gap between teen parents and non-parents. The contents do not, however, necessarily represent the policy of the U.S. Department of Education or of SEDL, and one should not assume endorsement by either entity. For instance, the Virginia Department of Health sponsors a Resource Mothers Program that pairs community health workers with teens to help mentor them through pregnancy and their transition to parenthood 3.In Virginias Fairfax County, the Department of Family Services offers a Nurturing Parenting Program. Teen pregnancy and parenthood: Infants and toddlers who need care. One of the specific issues that was identified as hindering their educational attainment was a rigidity by some school administrators concerning the schools attendance policies.
Voices of teen mothers: Their challenges, support systems, and successes. This archived website contains the work of SEDL legacy projects and rich resources from the past 50 years. Early Childhood Education Journal, 25(3), 203205. I ask Him for His continued guidance in the chapters of my life that have not yet been written. 1.6 PREVENTION PROGRAMS: EXAMPLES 25 1.7 TEEN PARENTS: THE IMPACT OF EARLY ADOLESCENT PARENTHOOD ON OVERALL HIGH SCHOOL COMPLETION RATES 29 1.8 TEEN PARENT DROP OUT PREVENTION PROGRAMS 31 1.8.1 Arlington Public Schools Teenage Parent Program 35 1.8.2 Round Rock Independent School District Teen Parenting Program 36 Retrieved from http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0611/56730.html, Kost, K., Henshaw, S., & Carlin, L. (2010). Strategies can be implemented to help reduce the negative consequences of early parenting. Research has found that some people believe teenage parents should get married and the mother should serve as the primary caretaker; the father should work to support his family. Making the best of a bad situation: Material resources and teenage parenthood. http://www.springerlink.com/content/1291013432v1017n/, http://www.nyclu.org/files/publications/nyclu_pub_protecting_two_generations.pdf, http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0611/56730.html, http://www.guttmacher.org/pubs/USTPtrends.pdf, http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0883617.html, http://etd.library.pitt.edu/ETD/available/etd-04212008-221354/, http://www.impactresearch.org/documents/prepped.pdf. Our children, our teachers and our parents deserve a world-class educationnot some day, but today. Retrieved from http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0883617.html, Mangino, J. G. (2008). In 2002, only 10% of mothers between the ages of 15 and 17 graduated from high school on time, and estimates indicated that 67% of teenage mothers never graduated (Brosh, Weigel, & Evans, 2007). 971 0 obj <>
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In addition, Brownson (2009) found that student mothers receiving school-based childcare and support fared better than peers who did not receive these supports. Trenton, NJ: Author. SmithBattle, L. (2007). All right reserved. 0000003614 00000 n
Due to the abbreviated length of this document, a limited number of research sources are cited. 0000005720 00000 n
The school climate and expectation levels and their impact on teenage parent educational aspirations were reviewed. 0000000596 00000 n
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 200 Independence Ave. S.W. In her literature review, Zachry cited studies by several researchers who identified these issues as structural disorganization and negative teacher interactions. QUESTION: Therefore, mothers can receive the grant even if they only study part time. *vS{b>ny9(io}:{xgdim #(q"6]vx\lo}1sQ:4Na=*wibci+
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Effects of an urban high school-based child care center on self-selected adolescent parents and their children. Copyright 2011 by SEDL. Brosh, Weigel, and Evans (2007) found that the highest ranked type of needed support voiced by teenage parents, especially teen mothers, was childcare. Prevention Researcher, 10(3), 58. Mothers looking to rejoin the workforce or start new careers have many options for earning a degree or receiving professional training. Research on adolescent fathers was not as prevalent in the literature; however, available information is included. Depression is associated with impaired decision- Promising outcomes in teen mothers enrolled in a school-based parent support program and childcare center. programs. Research indicates that teenage parents experience reductions in their educational attainments compared to teenagers who are not parents. Teenage mothers should be encouraged to live with at least one parent, work less than half time, not be married, and share childcare duties with others. This frequently omitted step can be instrumental in allowing parenting programs to align their strategies with the needs and goals of the teenage parents. There also are numerous grant programs, some administered through government agencies, that can help mothers finance their education. Socio-economic outcomes have been the traditional focus of research on teenage parents, often finding a negative impact on employment and earnings (Beutel, 2000). In 2008, workers who possessed a high school diploma or its equivalent earned, on average, nearly 44% ($10,000) more per year than those who dropped out of high school (Infoplease, 2011). Thompson, M. & Caulfield, R. (1998). What does the research say regarding educational achievement by students with children? New York: New York Civil Liberties Union. Prepped for success? Youth & Society, 38(3), 348371. Beutel, A. M. (2000). Studies suggest that some school personnel believe that being a teenage mother will limit the students educational attainment. 1000 Thomas Jefferson Street NW Zachry (2005) cited several studies done by researchers in the 1980s and 1990s that identified the importance of school programs focused on helping with the caring for a child; these programs often meant the difference between dropping out or continuing in school. Seitz, V., & Apfel, N. H. (1999). Studies referenced in Zachry (2005) found there are documented instances of teenage pregnancy being called an epidemic or out of control by the media, when birth rates for this population were actually at their lowest in decades. U.S. teenage pregnancies, births, and abortions: National and state trends and trends by race and ethnicity. Studies suggested that the schools expectations of teenage parents did not always align with that of the students or the students parents, the schools often having a lower expectation level for those students. AIR Regional Comprehensive Centers and Content Centers. student image by Ivanna Buldakova from Fotolia.com, Student Aid: Teacher Education Assistance for College and Higher Education (TEACH), Student Aid: Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grant (FSEOG). Getting my education: Teen mothers experiences in school before and after motherhood. Retrieved from http://www.guttmacher.org/pubs/USTPtrends.pdf, Infoplease. Federal Student Aid Information Center 400 Maryland Ave. Washington, D.C. 20202 1-800-433-3243 studentaid.ed.gov. The challenge of keeping teenage mothers in school has consistently been more successfully met by school-based programs (Seitz & Apfel, 1999). Becoming a parent, at any age, can be a life-altering experience. Dellanno, D. F., Kaye, J. W., & Philliber, S. (1999, April). For information about the centers AIR manages, please visit: AIR Regional Comprehensive Centers and Content Centers. Supporting these young women in academically challenging work may be the step that will help them gain the education and skills they need to build a successful future for themselves and their children (Zachry, 2005). A world-class education system is the engine of economic growth, innovation, competitiveness and job creation. Often these students drop out of school because of the pressures they experience, including stigmatization associated with early parenting; isolation from peers; and lack of needed support from family, friends, schools, social service agencies, and other organizations. Teenage mothers have expressed negative perceptions about education, including a lack of relevance and a negative school environment. Evaluation and Program Planning, 24(3), 267275. 0000002444 00000 n
Individuals who become . xW}LgQHYZB+kA 8(4c23WkE..9KQ$ .#-)i`Jp#[$YgoMy|; k_R1 HW@EO1I o{e:az:cEJD? Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 39(3), 184185. Washington, DC 20007-3835 Please visit the Departments Comprehensive Centers Program website to check for updates about the 20192024 cycle of centers: U.S. Department of Education Comprehensive Center Programs. The 20122019 grant cycle for the U.S. Department of Education Comprehensive Centers Program ends on September 30, 2019. New York: Guttmacher Institute. Shirley Beckwith, TXCC Communications Associate. Title IX protections preclude districts from automatically assigning teenage parents to separate schools or programs unless they have the same educational offerings and experiences available to students in a traditional setting. Data from the National Education Longitudinal Study (NELS) listed within Melhados research show that teenage parents had a total of 11.9 years of education compared to those who had no children and who averaged 13.9 years of education. Terms of Use | Supporting pregnant and parenting teens in Chicago schools. Zachry, E. M. (2005). Teenage parents drop out of school due to the responsibilities of caring for their children as well as because of stigmatization and isolation from peers. For teenage parents who lack support from their own parents, this experience can be even more daunting as they seek support in adult-oriented systems, which even older parents may find challenging. 985 0 obj<>stream
Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 6(1), 5066. Median annual income, by level of education, 19902008. However, strategies were found that could help close this gap between the teen parents and non-parents. Also voiced was the limited credit that is often received from home study. Revamp No Child Left Behindnow. In addition, Molborn proposes that teenage fathers should be encouraged to live with both parents and work less than half time. Another school-related reason for teenage parents dropping out was the lack of transportation between their homes, daycare, and the school for both them and their children (Mangino, 2008). (Duncan, 2011, p. 2). Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 39, Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 6. President Barack Obama's "Moms Return to School" program gives a federal Pell grant to mothers who wish to pursue a college or university education. SEDL merged with the American Institutes for Research (AIR) in 2015. I wanna have a good future: Teen mothers rise in educational aspirations, competing demands, and limited school support. Child Adolescent Social Work Journal, 24(6), 565578. Median annual income, by level of education, 19902008. Summary This service is paid for in whole or in part by the U.S. Department of Education under grant # S283B050020. Politico. These resources were published under a previous TXCC funding; therefore, information contained therein may have changed and is not updated. Effective interventions for adolescent mothers. Social Work in Education, 21(2), 108117. This included the inability to provide adequate leave for teen parents to complete their general child care responsibilities. Many of these learners became parents as teens, left school before graduating and have returned to Adult and Continuing Education programs to complete their high school diploma. Copyright 2016 SEDL, American Institutes for Research (AIR) trailer
Retrieved from http://www.capd.org/publications.htm. Teenage parentsor students with children, as they are also referred to in the literatureare parents between the ages of 13 and 19. Strengthening school-based programs for teen parents: Challenges and solutions. Haidee Williams, TXCC Project Director In one school board, about half of the adult students surveyed were parents and about half of those were single parents. Copyright 2020 Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Media, All Rights Reserved. Some studies indicate that teenage parents have found that having a child critically changes their perspectives on both their schooling and their future (Zachry, 2005). Indicators of increased school focus included improved grades, a resolve to graduate, and a new interest in further education. Mollborn, S. (2007, February). The mothers with the most supports were the least likely to believe that they had limited opportunities for success (SmithBattle, 1995). 0000004968 00000 n
Another study (SmithBattle, 2007) found that teens reevaluated their focus and educational attainment goals when they became pregnant, regardless of their earlier attitudes. 0000002210 00000 n
Stephens, S. A., Wolf, W. C., & Batten, S. T. (2003). Therefore, mothers can receive the grant even if they only study part time. The grant qualifications take into account the needs of mothers who must often care for their children while studying. \{qitA3}.3t; 0~Nw,Om. (Arne Duncan, U. S. Secretary of Education) Teenage parents educational attainment is affected more by available resources than by parenthood. Williams and Sadlers (2001) study found evidence that social support and school-based programs that provide counseling, health care, health teaching, and education about child development to teenage parents can help to alleviate many of the problems associated with adolescent pregnancy and parenting. Helping the education system work for teen parents and their children. Melhado, L. (2007). Teenage parents who receive support from school-based services tend to remain in school more than those who receive no support. Retrieved from http://www.impactresearch.org/documents/prepped.pdf. Perspectives about teenage pregnancy have influenced policy through the decades. (2011, June 12). The gap between teenage mothers aspirations and the support they receive suggests that educators are missing an opportunity to facilitate teenage mothers school progress and their long-term educational attainment (SmithBattle, 2007). Teenage parents have described how having a child reinforced their interest in education and was instrumental in helping them to see how education would help them provide a better future for their children, increase their employment possibilities, and help them avoid depending on public assistance. When school-aged students become parents, the new responsibilities can be overwhelming. (Doctoral dissertation, University of Pittsburgh, 2008). This new commitment was not always met with the support it needed in the home and school settings. 0000005498 00000 n
Duncan, A. Instead, policies could be considered that include financial aid packagessimilar to those in the higher education systemas one way in which to provide resources to teenage parents. Higher success rates are predicted when this alignment is an integral part of the program. More and more people recognize education is the game-changer in the global economy. Zachry cited a study by Luker in 1996 that found that the connection between teenage pregnancy, poor education, and poverty has become a powerful belief within America; this belief often influences the development of policies affecting teenage mothers and their education. Both the descriptive and the binary regression results indicated that 79% of the teenage mothers showed lack of readiness for motherhood, hence their psychosocial wellbeing was negative. The statistics on school drop out of the teenage mothers in Kenya reveal that the problem has been demanding urgent solution. Sociological Quarterly, 41(2), 297314. After obtaining permission as noted, users may need to secure additional permissions from copyright holders whose work SEDL included to reproduce or adapt for this document, Wesley Hoover, SEDL President and CEO By increasing these resources, especially in the school setting, the educational attainment of teenage parents increased. The literature revealed through theses searches focuses primarily on the educational attainment of adolescent mothers and ways to lessen the negative consequences of early parenthood. When the schools did not embrace the same academic expectations as the teenage parents and make strides to eliminate or modify policies and procedures to support them, these student parents were made to struggle, often to the detriment of their education and future goals. Teachers College Record, 107(12), 25662598. The grant qualifications take into account the needs of mothers who must often care for their children while studying. Privacy Policy. Adolescent parents and their children are both at critical points in their lives, when their life courses can be shaped toward healthy development, stability, and productivity, or toward life-long poverty and dependency. U.S. teenage pregnancies, births, and abortions: National and state trends and trends by race and ethnicity. Protecting two generations: The need to preserve and expand services for New York Citys pregnant and parenting students. Crean, H. F., Hightower, A. D., & Allan, M. J. Helping the education system work for teen parents and their children. Sadler, L. S., Swartz, M. K., Ryan-Krause, P., Seitz, V., Meadows-Oliver, M., Grey, M., & Clemmens, D. A. startxref
President Barack Obama's "Moms Return to School" program gives a federal Pell grant to mothers who wish to pursue a college or university education. Acknowledgments I would first like to thank my Lord and Savior, Jesus Christ, for giving me the strength, wisdom, and courage to pursue this study. Vicki Dimock, SEDL Chief Program Officer Williams, E. G. & Sadler, L. S. (2001). A recommendation to policy makers includes working with an understanding of how teenage mothers see themselves and how they see their own role in their school success. Teenage parents often cited school-related reasons for dropping out of school. Teens did not expect being a mother to interfere substantially with their education or employment. (1999). (n.d.). School administrators and staff may be unaware that some of their students are, indeed, parents. 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