Evaluating sources requires a researcher to develop some detective skills. Please contact us with a . For example, a biography might not be the best evidence for a research paper in a science class, while statistics might not be the best evidence for an artist’s statement in an art class. This product has the minilesson and activity choices you have been looking for! You can discuss your coursework writing with them if your English is weak. A good way to identify reasoning is to ask what the source of the statement is. If it does not, adapt your writing according to the evidence, not the claim. Many readers might find this paragraph jarring. This is a fun way to teach an essential concept in a way that students will understand and, **THIS is a PC Version** Writing Workshop: You're An Author! Are there many spelling mistakes or typos? The first sentence, also known as the topic sentence, contains the main idea of your paragraph. Before you get too far, it’s important to make sure you’re working with a strong claim. Also look for other publications by the author. For these reasons, relying on readers to interpret information on their own is rarely. These are signs that a text did not go through an editorial process. This interactive hamburger writing game strengthens students organization and writing skills in a fun and engaging way. Hamburger paragraph: Some instructors will call this the sandwich paragraph method or even the Oreo method (which you may have heard before). Eliot’s friendship with Gertrude Stein? If you choose to include a potentially inappropriate source in your essay, don’t be surprised if you lose some points for practicing faulty research methods. Plague outbreaks in Europe during the Middle Ages helped to shape many modern personal hygiene practices and taboos in American society today. The paragraph sandwich method is a fun and engaging way to introduce or review paragraph writing! Font should be 12 point Calibri, Times New Roman, or Arial, Text should be single-spaced with 0 points before and after lines. What are some possible answers to your research question? #btnsx-7547{background-color:#8224e3!important;} Neil Kokemuller has been an active business, finance and education writer and content media website developer since 2007. This can lead to a research question. Now see a diagram of a sandwich with information about writing a paragraph! ( Log Out /  This preview shows page 1 - 5 out of 9 pages. • 3 Paragraph Essay Planning Map (Customizable) Now what? He thinks he has a strong thesis: that Old French and Modern French share some of the same linguistic traits. They know that it takes practice to develop the skills necessary for evaluating sources, and they are there to help you acquire and master these skills. View paragraph_sandwich from MATHS 222 at Askari College for Women, Rawalpindi. In a typical paragraph with five to seven statements, it makes more sense. This is a proven method for writing body paragraphs in research-based papers. Again, you would need to use your judgment to decide if anything she has written, perhaps as part of an editorial in a national newspaper, can be included in your essay. Writing paragraphs The Sandwich Method (Main Idea and Topic Sentences) 1. For example, Alfred Knickerbocker, an expert on American culture, says that 98% of Americans brush their teeth at least twice a day, and 38% brush their teeth three or more times a day. Ben’s thesis states a fact that he learned in class—not a position he’s going to argue. A great visual to help kids understand that they need to add details and supporting sentences to their paragraphs. Continually ask yourself: Does my claim match the evidence? The most important thing is that it can stand-alone as one complete thought process and most importantly, one complete sandwich Are you hungry yet? You might choose to leave your claim broad at the very beginning of your research process, but you should aim to revise it early in the process. Were those texts published by reputable sources? Ben’s proposed claim is weak because everyone in the class already agrees with it and knows about the subject. Does the formatting look strange? Each of the fifty weekly themes in this program includes five pre-writing and writing activities for Monday through Friday. Shows resources that can work for all subjects areas, Paragraph writing is transformed into a "delicious" visual with this Paragraph Sandwich Activity! Think of the way evidence is used in a courtroom. Students compose their paragraph through the use of fun sandwich graphics! This is simply a way for you to start thinking about the possible claims your paper might make. In fact, some of the practices we consider necessary for the maintenance of good health do not actually have any significant health benefits. #btnsx-7547:hover{-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;} #btnsx-7547:hover{border-top-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-style:none;border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;} If you are uncertain about the appropriateness of a particular type of evidence, ask your instructor if it’s considered relevant in the subject. All of these can give you clues about how to best understand and use evidence from the source to support your own claim. An information sandwich consists of three parts: Here’s how that might look using the example paragraph above. Hursh Writing and Rhetoric Outline Template THESIS STATEMENT BODY PARAGRAPH Topic Sentence Lead … It sets general parameters for your project. Is there a noticeable agenda or bias driving the text? Custom Essays, Coursework and Assignment Writing Center, Best Essays, Assignments, and Coursework Writing Company. Writers use many different kinds of evidence to create their arguments. “Hitler’s genocide paved the way for numerous atrocities of the twentieth century because they used methods and techniques developed by the Third Reich.” To back up the second statement, we could research what those methods and techniques were, and how Hitler and later dictators used them. Development of strategic directions. We have tutors online 24/7 who can help you get unstuck. For example: All three scenarios would require relying on different evidence. The opening statement is a critical launching point for a distinct, clear paragraph. Why should our writing curriculum not be a part of this yearly ritual? The sandwich method essentially uses a sandwich as a metaphor for the structure of a typical paragraph. Other times, you may need to look up a publication to see if it seems legitimate. Material posted on blogs and wikis do not usually go through an editorial process. Stuck? An introduction to the piece of information: This often incudes an acknowledgement of the source of the information and might mention some of the most relevant credentials of the source’s author or authors. Like Ben, many writers early in their college careers create descriptive claims, rather than argumentative claims. Ad… If substantial or important claims are not backed up with evidence, the text is likely not going to be considered credible enough to include in an academic essay. Again, this is about setting parameters. - An Introduction or Review Minilesson. In this Paragraph Sandwich Graphic Organizer, students will learn the steps to drafting a paragraph. Without these links to your claim, potential evidence is simply data or information. Most books you will come across during your research were likely published by reputable companies. The social, cultural, and financial toll of the plague was staggering, even catastrophic, by any standards. Students compose their paragraph through the use of fun sandwich graphics! What if you want to write about T.S. Looking for Clues Adanna skimmed through several primary and secondary sources before writing her main claim, or thesis argument, for her upcoming essay on the Supreme Court’s role in closing the wage gap between genders. The professor has provided a list of topics that work with the assigned reading, but she encourages you to create your own topic and consult additional sources. Argumentative (not simply descriptive, and not based on opinion or common knowledge). #btnsx-7547:hover .btnsx-text-primary{color:#dd3333;} Mar 13, 2012 - Sandwich Graphic Organizer for writing good paragraphs...my kids LOVE using this for their writing! ( Log Out /  Does he or she include references? A lot of online services offer students to look at their sample examples of A level coursework. The sandwich method is a common strategy you can use to construct paragraphs within a paper and to prepare the elements of a particular paragraph. It is unlikely that a paper written about this topic would present any new information to his audience. Varying the way you incorporate evidence makes your writing more aesthetically pleasing. Write one or two body paragraphs for the claim, using at least two pieces of evidence from your source. Consider, for example, a statistical study of various languages used in America. • Narrowing a Writing Topic Introductions and follow-ups have been italicized. The SMART board file provides a sandwich making activity, and an explanation of how to set up a paragraph as if it were a sandwich. It is not subjective, which means that it is not simply your opinion about a particular topic. • 3 Paragraph Essay Planning Map Are you getting the free resources, updates, and special offers we send out every week in our teacher newsletter? The topic and concluding sentences, the slices of bread, give the reader enough information to grab onto the subject matter. Then, using Google Scholar find and cite (MLA or APA) one source that supports your claim in a significant way. Construct a hypothesis. Voila! Change ), You are commenting using your Twitter account. Do You Need To See Some English Coursework Examples Because You Think That Just Looking At them Can Develop Some Expert Writing Skills In You. Paragraph Sandwich Template.pdf - Hursh Writing and Rhetoric Outline Template THESIS STATEMENT BODY PARAGRAPH Topic Sentence Lead-In to\/Context for. Name, Course, Instructor, and Assignment should appear in the top left corner. However, it is your job to use your instructor’s knowledge about research practices as a resource. Types: Fun Stuff, Handouts. As you write, use the “sandwich method” to: Ben has been working on an essay about linguistic changes from Old French to Modern French. ( Log Out /  In fact, one of the most important questions you can ask yourself as you research is “What argument does the evidence itself suggest?” By approaching both researching and writing as a process, you can use the evidence you find in primary and secondary sources to help you create and modify your main claim. #btnsx-7547{-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;} Grades: 2 nd, 3 rd, 4 th, 5 th. It is not based on common knowledge. 49 Graphic Organizers for Any Book- PLUS Word Work Bonus! Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. This is another way of evaluating whether an author followed acceptable standards of academic integrity. #btnsx-7547:hover{background-color:#eeee22!important;} Great to use with students who are struggling to write a paragraph. It is important to have a place established that contains all the materials your students will need to access during Writer’s Workshop. However, when he submits an early draft to his professor, she returns it with the note “weak claim.” Ben is baffled. Teach your students how to structure a paragraph using the sandwich analogy. The 7 Habits Of Highly Effective Teens - Sean Covey-1, W04.02 Patterning Sentiment Analysis.xlsx, +Pre-primary education. , “Many of the hygiene practices we take for granted today were developed during and shortly after the plague outbreaks.” Bennington considers several widely accepted hygiene practices in America and concludes that many of these are informed by medieval social anxieties resulting from plague outbreaks. Each paragraph within a paper should touch on one key point. In the conventional sandwich paragraph, the last sentence wraps up the paragraph's topic or summarizes its key points. 4. It is your job as the writer to help the reader understand how each statement fits into the overall topic of the essay. Notice that Ben’s claim is correct—it’s just not strong. If you do this, you are likely to focus only on sections of the text that support your ideas and disregard equally important information that does not fit with your expectations. Clarity and unity are keys to well-constructed paragraphs. Your student has a working thesis and research for a research paper. •Margins should be set at one inch Name _____ Date _____Sandwich ChartWrite your topic at the top. In fact, the process of creating a claim might go something like this: A research question is a question that will guide you as you research. Now, let’s look at an example paragraph structure: Topic Sentence: Going to a concert is one of the most exciting ways to listen to music. •Font should be 12 point Calibri, Times New Roman, or Arial In the first case, your field of research is limited to a specific area of focus, while the second allows for the widest range of possible topics and sources, and the third provides some flexibility in both sources and topics. Formatting Guidelines: He would also find it difficult to build an argument and support that argument because he will not be able to find sources that present  opposing viewpoints or introduce any complicating factors. • BLT Paragraph Sandwich FREE study guides and infographics! Use what you have learned about claims and evidence and the “sandwich method” to complete this assignment. 4. Be creative with your introductions and follow-ups. Sometimes this sentence feels a bit redundant, but it shows the completion of your ideas for the paragraph and signals to your reader that you are about to start on a new path (paragraph) that will support your main thesis. Unless your instructor has told you otherwise, avoid material found on more informal platforms like blogs. Even when you do present multiple sides of an issue, having a strong claim that you support with evidence will help your readers make connections between your thesis statement and your supporting evidence. • Event Spider If you have attempted to evaluate a source and are still not sure if it is considered credible, or appropriate to use in an essay, consult your instructor. However, since the course is a European History course, you know your topic should somehow relate to this subject. Add details to the middle layers. Organizing that evidence will help you envision the different paragraphs into which you might divide your paper. It’s never presented as simply a neutral occurrence or object. The content of each statement seems like it could be relevant to the topic, but they are given no context within the paragraph or within the overall thesis of the essay. Learn more about characters, symbols, and themes in all your favorite books with Course Hero's **View this video by copying this link and pasting it into a web browser: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zm5XXBfHXf0In this Paragraph Sandwich Graphic Organizer, students will learn the steps to drafting a paragraph. to critical analysis & analytical writing.docx, Outline_Structure_for_Literary_Analysis_Essay_HATMAT, Cause-Effect_Prompt_with_outline (3).docx, Achieving Your Goals essays to star tomorrow.docx. The Powerpoint uses a metaphor comparing writing an essay to making a sandwich. As they move through the process, kids construct topic, detail, and concluding sentences on graphic organizers: buns, burgers, and condiments. Change ), You are commenting using your Google account. This preview shows page 1 - 2 out of 2 pages. Because of this, the materials they provide are likely to be biased. Just print and go- and they are reusable and really do work with ANY book, so you get great value!49 Graphic Organizers for ANY Bookscan be us, As teachers, we all know how important it is to start off the school year with establishing routines in our classroom. View this video by copying this link and pasting it into a web browser: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zm5XXBfHXf0 Does it include strong evidence to support the main claim, which is expressed in the first sentence? Change ). introduce and give context to the evidence. An example of this type of assignment prompt is one that asks you to consider the role of female characters in Bram Stoker’s Dracula. The above questions can help guide you through the evaluation process when you are looking at expository essays, like research and analytical essays. This statement introduces the topic of job networking and leaves the reader asking "Why?". You can find both primary and secondary resources that support your claim. This source will not offer a variety of viewpoints, but that does not disqualify it as a credible source. Writing … I find that incorporating the research into body paragraphs is the most difficult part of the research paper for my students. You can use however many supporting details as you feel necessary—just like you can add however many yummy ingredients to the inside of your sandwich. Such a topic sandwich—filled in with subpoints, supporting sentences, and examples—lends itself to formulaic writing. Supporting Detail #2: Beyond the music, performers also often include lighting and video effects to create a larger experience for the audience. For example, if you are writing an essay critiquing the hiring practices of a large company, you may come across materials produced by their public relations team. Distinguishing evidence from claims and reasoning is of vital importance as you write. This is a good option because you can modify your claim as you go depending on the evidence that you find. Be careful not to come to a source with strong expectations about what you will find. The paragraph sandwich method is a fun and engaging way to introduce or review paragraph writing! Writing paragraphs The Sandwich Method (Main Idea and Topic Sentences) 1. a good way to build a strong case for a thesis. $10 per 275 words - Purchase Now, Using Exploratory Writing to Address Writing Anxiety. If you’re not sure whether yours could be, challenge yourself to name three reliable sources you could consult to back up your claim and three reliable sources that offer counterclaims. Ask questions. These criteria do not align with the genre of the personal letter, so they cannot be used to evaluate a letter. This collection of 50 PDF graphic organizers for planning and writing includes... Does anything about the structure of the above paragraph stand out to you? A weak claim is too broad, too subjective, or is based on common knowledge. The information itself: This could be a direct quote, a paraphrase, or a summary. If you have chosen good sources, you will be learning things about your topic that you did not already know. Instead, they’ll be statements summarizing the evidence that shows one part of your claim is valid. If you hold too strongly to your main claim during the research process, you might find yourself in a tricky situation later on when you revisit your sources and realize you cannot find strong evidence to support your claim. Common Core wants students to write multiple paragraphs but before they can do that, they need to be able to write just one paragraph. During the revision process, you can use a reverse outline to help you identify sections containing weak evidence. If you have an especially short paragraph with just two to four sentences, a conclusion isn't necessary. Other types of evidence will require you to do to more work to show your reader how and why they are relevant to your main claim. This visual aid can: Supporting Detail #4: Therefore audience-members are absorbed into the world of the concert and can concentrate entirely on the music. The opening is a general statement that frames the subject of the paragraph. The prompt gives you a broad topic, and you are expected to make a much narrower claim based on this topic. Change ), You are commenting using your Facebook account. It also allows you to think more deeply about what kind of contextualization a piece of evidence actually requires in order to be effective. They are experts on the company, but they also have a stake in how that company is represented. The middle, support statements provide details and mirror the meat and ingredients within the sandwich. #btnsx-7547 .btnsx-text-primary{font-size:21px;line-height:21px;font-style:normal;color:#ffffff;padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;} If the paragraph is in the middle of the essay, this sentence is also good for transitioning from your ideas from the paragraph before. Teachers Pay Teachers is an online marketplace where teachers buy and sell original educational materials. In English teacher speak, we call this “building quote sandwiches.” This process is often challenging for students. Writing instructors understand that it can sometimes be difficult to decide if a source meets the standards necessary to be used in an academic essay. •introduce and give context to the evidence, Look out for adjective use (descriptive terms) in your claims—their presence indicates that your claim may be more opinion- than evidence-based. Today, you will learn what I mean! Articles from academic and professional journals are credible sources for the same reason—these journals have editors and fact-checkers who make sure information contained in the journal is accurate and well researched. Main Idea• The main idea of a paragraph is the central, or most important, thought or topic in the paragraph - what the paragraph is all about. See diagram of a sandwich… Now see a diagram of a sandwich with information about writing a paragraph! You just turned information into evidence. This lesson will be taught once, but using a san, ------- 49 Graphic Organizers for ANY Books!------ The perfect solution to what to do with the books and vocabulary you’re working on in class… WITH NO PREP!